Promoting schoolchildren’s self-esteem in physical education: testing the effectiveness of a five-month teacher training     

Benjamin Rubeli  Esther Oswald  Achim Conzelmann  Jürg Schmid  Stefan Valkanover 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2020,25(4):346-360

ABSTRACT

Background: Schoolchildren’s personality development is considered a central goal of physical education (PE). With regard to the relationship between psychological well-being and global self-esteem over the life course, the promotion of positive self-esteem is an issue of particular significance. Past research revealed that PE taught with an individualized teacher frame of reference (iTFR) and a reflexive teaching style is associated with positive effects on facets of children’s perceived sports competence. However, it remains an open question whether this teaching styles has the potential to promote positive self-esteem.

Purpose: The present study investigated whether a five-month teacher training, aimed to enhance the teachers’ iTFR and their reflexive teaching style in PE, has a positive effect on students’ perceived sports competence and their global self-esteem. To analyse the implementation quality, changes in students’ perceived iTFR and perceived reflexive teaching style were investigated.

Method: A total of 21 teachers were assigned to either an intervention group (n?=?13), receiving the five-month teacher training, or a control group (n?=?8) consisting of regular teaching without teacher training. The teacher training encompassed five three-hour consecutive sessions during which the teachers acquired theoretical and practical knowledge about the promotion of competence perceptions in PE with a reflexive teaching style and an iTFR. Between the sessions, the teachers were instructed to implement an iTFR and a reflexive teaching style into their own PE classes. To evaluate the effects of the teacher training, their students’ (N?=?315, 53.7% girls, M_age?=?13.2 y, SD_age?=?1.3 y) perceived teaching style (iTFR and reflexive teaching), perceived sports competence and global self-esteem were measured with paper-pencil questionnaires at three measurement points (pre, post and follow-up).

Findings: Linear mixed effect models showed that students of the intervention group reported an increase in their teachers’ reflexive teaching style, but there were no changes with regard to iTFR. With regard to students’ perceived sports competence and global self-esteem, there were significant interaction effects between time and group over a period of eight months (from pre-test to follow-up), indicating positive effects on these self-concept dimensions due to the teacher training.

Conclusion: The present study indicates that a long-term teacher training supports PE teachers to implement teaching styles with the aim to promote students’ self-concept. Furthermore, the findings lead to the assumption that a more pronounced iTFR in combination with an enhanced reflexive teaching style has the potential to positively influence schoolchildren’s perceived sports competence and global self-esteem.  相似文献   

船舶靠泊过程中系缆作业仿真     

代广树 《上海海事大学学报》2019,40(4):17-21

为更加准确直观地模拟船舶靠泊过程中的系缆作业,将缆绳分为两部分进行建模。对缆机滚筒上的缆绳提出缠绕算法模型,计算出缆绳随着滚筒旋转的收放速度,实现使用滚筒收放缆绳的模拟。对缆机滚筒外的缆绳建立悬链线模型,计算出缆绳在不同工况下的形状和端点处的受力情况,并根据计算出的缆绳张力是否超出安全负荷对缆绳进行破断分析。根据船舶和码头形状确定碰撞检测区域,采用基于距离场的碰撞检测方法实现缆绳与船体、缆绳与码头之间的碰撞检测。通过模拟缆绳在系缆作业过程中的形状、位置和姿态变化,实现船舶靠泊过程中系缆作业的三维可视化。  相似文献   

相对运动与参考系的选择     

田旭东  张学权 《铜仁学院学报》2003,5(Z1):129-130

在解决运动学问题中,选择适当的参考系会收到事半功倍之效.  相似文献   

An Improvement of MPEG-4 Rate Control Algorithm     

鲁照华李华  刘继兴 《天津大学学报(英文版)》2005,11(1):40-43

Frame skipping in low bit video coding could significantly reduce the visual quality of reconstructed video. At the same time, if the complexity of the video sequence remains high for a long period, then driving up the long term average bit rate, the only resort of MPEG-4 Q2 rate control algorithm results in using a high quantization scale, which shows a poor visual quality of the reconstructed video. This paper analyzes the main causes of frame skipping in current MPEG-4 frame rate control scheme, and presents a new rate control algorithm based on the quadratic R-D model over a CBR channel. Key features of the present work are. 1) the bits allocated to each P-frame or B-frame are in proportion to its distance from the end of this GOP, i.e. more bits are allocated to the frames that are nearer to their reference Ⅰ -frame: 2) the target buffer level is changeable in the GOP, at the end of each GOP( five P-frames or B-frames), the target buffer level is linearly reduced from 1/2 to 1/4 of buffer size, to other frames, the target buffer level is set to 1/2 of buffer size: 3 ) a selective and judicious use of the reduced resolution mode, in addition to a modulation of the quantization scale parameter, is to control the average long term bit rate. Experimental results with different video sequences of varied complexity, encoded at low bit rates show better efficacy of the proposed algorithm than MPEG-4 Q2 rate control scheme, and the experimental results also show that the improved algorithm has significantly reduced the number of frame skipping, increased the overall PSNR, and improved the perceptual quality.  相似文献   

Analysis of Second-Order Effect in Frame     

毕继红  丛蓉  张利华 《天津大学学报(英文版)》2004,10(1):16-18

The second-order effect is the interaction between the vertical load and the deformation in a vertically forced element. In order to deduce a more brief but practical method, which has considered the second-order effect in a sway frame, some factors which affect the second-order deformation in a sway frame should be generalized based on a more accurate method. Nonlinear finite element is adopted in this paper, and according to this theory, a program, which can calculate the inner force and the deformation of the sway frame considering the second-order effects is coded.  相似文献   

BHP:孤独症患者观点采择训练新方法     

刘园芳  白晓宇  林凡裕  祝卓宏  李新影 《中国特殊教育》2021,(1)

观点采择是个体社交能力的基础。关系框架理论RFT认为观点采择是一种操作性行为,其核心是包含人际、空间及时间三个维度的直证关系反应。基于RFT的评估和训练方案BHP采用多范例的方式来训练直证关系反应,从而促进观点采择。采用BHP方案训练孤独症儿童观点采择的多项研究发现,该方案能有效提升被试的观点采择能力,并有较好的维持和泛化效果,为孤独症儿童的社交能力发展奠定基础。本文通过介绍和批判性分析BHP及相关研究,为我国孤独症儿童观点采择训练提供新思路和新选择。  相似文献   

系统框架下的顾客关系资产管理   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵永刚  牟嫣 《预测》2007,26(4):49-53

关系资产是近年来随着关系营销理论和实践的发展所出现的一种新观点。本文首先讨论企业中关系资产的系统框架,然后着重在该框架下,从策略、流程、组织、评估、技术的角度来讨论顾客关系资产的系统管理问题。  相似文献   

基于集成框架的企业知识创新模式研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

蒋翠清  杨善林  郭子伦 《科学学与科学技术管理》2007,28(1):60-65

在回顾知识创新主要研究成果的基础上，系统分析了与企业知识创新相关的企业战略、知识愿景、创新过程、知识资产、创新空间和商业模式等活动和要素，探讨了这些要素和活动之间的关系。在此基础上，构建了基于集成框架的企业知识创新模式。  相似文献   

三凯商塞公路南约沟大型滑坡的综合治理     

喻邦江  鄢霞 《中国科技信息》2007,(6):54-55,58

对三凯高速公路南约沟大型滑坡的形成机制进行曩分析，提出了可行的治理措施，并浅析了排架抗滑桩、颓应力锚索在滑坡治理中的运用。滑坡治理施工完毕近两年，坡体稳定，滑坡治理达到预期效果。  相似文献   

功能与参照系     

孟宪强 《邢台学院学报》2002,17(2):42-44

本文通过在力的作用下的物体运动实例的定量分析 ,得出“功能的量值与参照系有关 ,但功能关系却对任何参照系都能适用”的重要结论 ;同时还说明“机械能与其它形式的能的相互转换 ,是用转换能量的一对相互作用力做功之和来量度的”这一道理  相似文献